Particles and Droplets at High Speeds and Cryogenic Temperatures: “Far Out Applications of Aerosol Science”
Aerosols, particles and droplets suspended in gases, exhibit behaviors that have no analogue in bulk solids and liquids. This talk will focus on how these behaviors manifest under extreme conditions, and how they can be exploited. First, solid particles can be accelerated to supersonic (Ma > 1) and even hypersonic (Ma > 5) velocities. Using converging–diverging nozzles, we accelerate particles to nearly 1 km s⁻¹. These systems enable: (i) measurements of particle drag across varying Mach and Knudsen numbers; (ii) controlled studies of surface response to high-speed particle impacts, relevant to air- and spacecraft exposures; and (iii) the design of virtual impactors capable of concentrating sub-micrometer particles. Second, particles and droplets in aerosols can be cooled at rates exceeding 10⁴ K min⁻¹. We use this principle to develop aerosol-based cryopreservation systems for biological samples. High cooling rates promote vitrification with minimal ice formation, allowing long-term preservation of cells without cryodamage.
Website of Chris Hogan at University of Minnesota
